Some places around the world have a 20% occurrence of chronic kidney disease (CKD), which is way above average among the general population.
A new study in Environmental Science & Technology Letters has just revealed that a chemical used all around the world is responsible for CKD.
In Sri Lanka, with its extensive rice paddies, a public health crisis has emerged over the past two decades, leaving medical professionals puzzled.
Chronic Kidney Disease of uncertain origin or etiology (CKDu) has been increasingly prevalent among farming communities. It has affected up to 20% of the adult population, and early signs of kidney damage have appeared in 9% of children aged 5–11.
Conducted by a team of researchers from Duke University and the University of Ruhuna in Sri Lanka, the new study explored the hypothesis that contamination of drinking water with glyphosate, when combined with water hardness and trace elements like fluoride, could contribute to the high prevalence of CKDu.
The study involved sampling water from over 200 wells across four regions in Sri Lanka, including areas both endemic and nonendemic for CKDu. Using advanced scientific methods, the researchers tested for glyphosate, fluoride, hardness, and other trace elements in the water.
The findings were striking:
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1. They detected glyphosate in 44% of wells in areas with CKDu, compared to just 8% in non-CKDu areas.
2. They found fluoride in 99% of wells in areas with CKDu, while just 88% of wells in non-CKDu areas contained it.
3. There was a positive association between the presence of elevated levels of glyphosate, hardness, and the trace elements fluoride and vanadium in wells and the prevalence of CKDu.
These results are hugely concerning. Researchers used to believe that glyphosate breaks down quickly in the environment, but this study shows that it forms complexes with metal ions in hard water, such as magnesium and calcium, making it more persistent.
Some research suggests these complexes can survive up to seven years in water and 22 years in soil, making it a serious long-term health hazard.
The study’s implications extend beyond Sri Lanka, as glyphosate is the active compound in Roundup, the most widely used herbicide globally. Its persistence in the environment and potential health impacts, especially in hard water regions, warrant serious attention from regulatory organizations.