How can a song reverse an ‘incurable’ disease like Parkinson’s?
Sounds impossible!
But a new study published in the Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies shows exactly how this happens – and how you can do the same.
The authors of this study recruited 13 people who had been diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease to test whether music therapy could improve their cognition, balance, mobility, muscle strength, and overall disability level.
They tested their subjects’ performance on these measurements at the beginning of the study, after which they provided music therapy for all of them.
They then discontinued the music therapy for a second study period, after which the subjects’ functioning was re-tested.
In so doing, they examined their subjects’ performance in the presence and absence of music therapy.
They discovered that their subjects performed better in balance, mobility, and cognitive tests during the music therapy period than their performance prior to the study. In other words, music therapy improved their condition.
But these improvements were not maintained when the music therapy ended, showing that it is similar to physical exercise: it works while you do it, but its effects are not permanent.
So why exactly does music therapy work for Parkinson’s patients? Scientists have several theories.
Firstly, music produces joy; it makes us feel happy. Positive mood facilitates better cognitive and physical function.
Secondly, upbeat music can trigger the production of serotonin and dopamine, two of the neurotransmitters in the brain that decline when we suffer from Parkinson’s disease.
Thirdly, the parts of our brains that perceive auditory cues like music usually remain unaffected by Parkinson’s disease. Scientists increasingly believe that when we stimulate these unaffected parts of our brains, other areas of our brains start to synchronize with them and jump into action automatically.
In other words, instead of making the decision to walk (and possibly fall on your backside), music therapy makes walking an unconscious activity that works via the auditory processing of a beat, which then automatically triggers the parts of your brain that move your legs through pathways that unaffected by the disease.
That is why some music therapists have observed that Parkinson’s patients who can hardly walk can learn to dance, or that patients who struggle to speak can sing.
The moment you set your activities to an audible rhythm, your brain processes them differently.