Have you ever wondered why so many thin people who eat relatively healthy diets develop type 2 diabetes?
Or why so many obese people do not?
New research from the University of Utah College of Health now explains why this might be the case. And reveals the one “hidden” type of fat that’s the underlying cause of Type 2 Diabetes.
What triggered this study was a discovery made from gastric bypass surgery patients in Singapore.
They were all obese, but those with type 2 diabetes had substantially more ceramide in their fat tissue than those without this metabolic disorder.
This made the scientists wonder whether ceramide, rather than just fat or sugar, played a role in the development of type 2 diabetes.
So what precisely is ceramide?
It is one of the main components of the outer layer of your skin and is responsible for preventing excessive water loss through your skin and for blocking the entry of bacteria and viruses. You may also notice it as an ingredient in some of your cosmetic products.
It is one of the main ingredients in your cell membranes and keeps your cells structurally together.
Without it, you would be dead. But the new research from Utah now suggests that, with too much of it, you are in serious health trouble too.
They published the results of their investigations in the November 2016 edition of the journal Cell Metabolism.
When you eat a lot, your body stores the food as fat or burns it for energy when you need it. But some people’s bodies unfortunately converts it to ceramide, and that is the process the Utah scientists decided to study.
They first added excess ceramide to the fat cells of humans and mice in the laboratory. These fat cells immediately became unresponsive to insulin and resistant to fat burning for energy.
When they added excess ceramide to the fat cells of mice and implanted them in the mice, a large number of the animals developed diabetes and/or fatty liver disease.
Remember that one of the first signs and main symptoms of diabetes is insulin resistance. But ceramide in your cells makes them unresponsive to insulin so they cannot accept glucose.
To confirm their theory, the researchers worked out the pathway whereby mice converted saturated fat to ceramide. They genetically engineered the mice and deleted the gene responsible for this conversion.
These mice then became resistant to diabetes.
The researchers hope that, with time, medical science can develop away to delete this ceramide conversion gene in humans too, to prevent insulin resistance and diabetes from developing.
There are not many strategies you can adopt to prevent your body from converting fats to ceramide, but the one that is available to you is big.
In a literature review in a 2008 edition of the journal Atherosclerosis, researchers found that large amounts of ceramide is produced in bodies high in reactive oxygen species.
These reactive oxygen species are what we commonly call free radicals.
Therefore, to prevent some of the conversion of fat to ceramide, simply eat plenty of antioxidants like fruits and vegetables that contain vitamins C and E, dark-colored grapes for resveratrol, capers and onions for quercetin, cucumber and artichoke for salicylic acid, and green tea for catechins.
This is no surprise to me. For years I have preached that the main cause of Type 2 Diabetes is oxidization and even more its brother, inflammation.